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СтатьяИскать документыПерейти к записи. 2022; № 21: 112–118. DOI:10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-21-112-118
Особенности бессонницы у мужчин и женщин в разные возрастные периоды
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Аффилированные организации
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Аннотация
Бессонница является проблемой общественного здравоохранения и одной из наиболее распространенных жалоб в медицинской практике. Нарушения сна могут проявляться трудностями с засыпанием (бессонница начала сна), поддержанием непрерывности сна (пробуждение посреди ночи и трудности с возвращением ко сну) или слишком ранним пробуждением утром задолго до желаемого времени (ранняя утренняя бессонница). Бессонница может значительно повлиять на дневное функционирование, что приводит к пробуждению утром уставшим, снижению производительности труда, склонности к ошибкам и несчастным случаям, невозможности сосредоточиться, частому дневному сну и низкому качеству жизни. Этиология и патофизиология бессонницы включают генетические, экологические, поведенческие и физиологические факторы. Хотя бессонница может затронуть любую половозрастную группу, женщины и пожилые люди являются более уязвимыми, у них чаще развивается бессонница. Подробная история сна является ключом к оценке бессонницы. Клиницисты должны быть в состоянии распознать нарушения сна и исключить другие расстройства, связанные со сном. Целью лечения бессонницы является улучшение сна и облегчение дистресса или дисфункции, вызванных этим расстройством. Для лечения бессонницы можно использовать психологические методы терапии, медикаментозную терапию или комбинации этих методов. Некоторые поведенческие вмешательства возможно применять в учреждениях первичной медико-санитарной помощи, но отсутствие обучения этим методам ограничивает их использование. В качестве снотворных используются различные натуральные и безрецептурные препараты, например, препараты на основе мелатонина. Мелатонин был оценен как снотворное в различных дозах, демонстрируя небольшой, но значительный эффект на латентность сна.
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Рубрики Mesh
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Литература

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Дополнительная информация
Язык текста: Русский
ISSN: 2079-701X
Унифицированный идентификатор ресурса для цитирования: //medj.rucml.ru/journal/4e432d4d4544534f5645542d41525449434c452d323032322d302d32312d302d3131322d313138/