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СтатьяИскать документыПерейти к записи. 2023; № 20: 68–83. DOI:10.21518/ms2023-400
Омализумаб: четверть века в борьбе с Т2-воспалительными заболеваниями верхних и нижних дыхательных путей
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Аффилированные организации
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Аннотация
Т2-воспаление лежит в основе таких заболеваний, как бронхиальная астма, аллергический ринит и хронический риносинусит с полипами носа. Эти заболевания нередко имеют тяжелое течение, часто сопутствуют друг другу, что приводит к существенному снижению качества жизни пациентов. Изучение механизмов воспаления на молекулярном уровне сделало возможной разработку иммунобиологических препаратов, направленных на разные звенья патогенеза. Одной из мишеней таргетной терапии Т2-воспаления, на которую можно воздействовать моноклональными антителами, явился иммуноглобулин класса Е. Цель научного обзора – обобщить накопленные за последние 25 лет данные рандомизированных клинических исследований и исследований реальной клинической практики по эффективности и безопасности оригинального анти-IgE-препарата омализумаб, в том числе у коморбидных пациентов. Исследования показали, что применение омализумаба у пациентов с тяжелой бронхиальной астмой снижает частоту обострений и тяжелых обострений, уменьшает число госпитализаций и обращений за неотложной помощью из-за обострений, позволяет снижать дозу пероральных и ингаляционных глюкокортикоидов, улучшает функцию дыхания, повышает качество жизни. У пациентов с тяжелым аллергическим ринитом омализумаб снижает тяжесть назальных и глазных симптомов, уменьшает потребность в приеме антигистаминных препаратов. Эффективность омализумаба у пациентов с хроническим риносинуситом с полипами носа проявляется уменьшением назальных симптомов (заложенность носа, ринорея), улучшением обоняния, уменьшением размеров полипов, потребности в приеме системных глюкокортикоидов и в хирургических вмешательствах. Омализумаб показал хорошую переносимость и профиль безопасности, сопоставимый с плацебо, как в клинических исследованиях, так и в рутинной практике.
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Дополнительная информация
Язык текста: Русский
ISSN: 2079-701X
Унифицированный идентификатор ресурса для цитирования: //medj.rucml.ru/journal/4e432d4d4544534f5645542d41525449434c452d323032332d302d32302d302d36382d3833/