International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) New MSL including all taxa updates since the 2018b release. Updates approved during EC 51, Berlin, Germany, 2019. (Cited 21 Dec 2020). [Internet]. Available from: https://talk.ictvonline.org/files/master-species-lists/m/msl/9601.https://talk.ictvonline.org/files/master-species-lists/m/msl/9601
Reynolds M.G., Guagliardo S.A.J., Nakazawa Y., Doty J.B., Mauldin M.R. Understanding orthopoxvirus host range and evolution: from the enigmatic to the usual suspects. Curr. Opin. Virol. 2018; 28:108–15. DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2017.11.012..
DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2017.11.012
Thèves C., Biagini P., Crubézy E. The rediscovery of smallpox. Clin. Microbiol. Infec. 2014; 20(3):210–18. DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12536..
DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12536
Vora N.M., Li Y., Geleishvili M., Emerson G.L., Khmaladze E., Maghlakelidze G., Navdarashvili A., Zakhashvili K., Kokhreidze M., Endeladze M., Mokverashvili G., Satheshkumar P.S., GallardoRomero N., Goldsmith C.S., Metcalfe M.G., Damon I., Maes E.F., Reynolds M.G., Morgan J., Carroll D.S. Human infection with a zoonotic orthopoxvirus in the country of Georgia. N. Engl. J. Med. 2015; 372(13):1223–30. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1407647..
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1407647
Springer Y.P., Hsu C.H., Werle Z.R., Olson L.E., Cooper M.P., Castrodale L.J., Fowler N., McCollum A.M., Goldsmith C.S., Emerson G.L., Wilkins K., Doty J.B., Burgado J., Gao J.X., Patel N., Mauldin M.R., Reynolds M.G., Satheshkumar P.S., Davidson W., Li Y., McLaughlin J.B. Novel Orthopoxvirus infection in an Alaska resident. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2017; 64(12):1737–41. DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix219..
DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix219
Gigante C.M., Gao J., Tang S., McCollum A.M., Wilkins K., Reynolds M.G., Davidson W., McLaughlin J., Olson V.A., Li Y. Genome of Alaskapox virus, a novel orthopoxvirus isolated from Alaska. Viruses. 2019; 11(8):708. DOI: 10.3390/v11080708..
DOI: 10.3390/v11080708
Lanave G., Dowgier G., Decaro N., Albanese F., Brogi E., Parisi A., Losurdo M., Lavazza A., Martella V., Buonavoglia C., Elia G. Novel orthopoxvirus and lethal disease in cat, Italy. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2018; 24(9):1665–73. DOI: 10.3201/eid2409.171283..
DOI: 10.3201/eid2409.171283
Noyce R.S., Lederman S., Evans D.H. Construction of an infectious horsepox virus vaccine from chemically synthesized DNA fragments. PLoS One. 2018; 13(1):e0188453. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188453..
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188453
Prichard M.N., Kern E.K. Orthopoxvirus targets for the development of new antiviral agents. Antiviral Res. 2012; 94(2):111–25. DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.02.012..
DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.02.012
Von Magnus P., Andersen E.K., Petersen K.B., BirchAndersen A. A pox-like disease in cynomolgus monkeys. Acta Path. Microbiol. Scand. 1959; 46:156–76. DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1959.tb00328.x..
DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1959.tb00328.x
Yinka-Ogunleye A., Aruna O., Dalhat M., Ogoina D., McCollum A., Disu Y., Mamadu I., Akinpelu A., Ahmad A., Burga J., Ndoreraho A., Nkunzimana E., Manneh L., Mohammed A., Adeoye O., Tom-Aba D., Silenou B., Ipadeola O., Saleh M., Adeyemo A., Nwadiutor I., Aworabhi N., Uke P., John D., Wakama P., Reynolds M., Mauldin M., Doty J., Wilkins K., Musa J., Khalakdina A., Adedeji A., Mba N., Ojo O., Krause G., Ihekweazu C., Mandra A., Davidson W., Olson V., Li Y., Radford K., Zhao H., Townsend M., Burgado J., Satheshkumar P. Outbreak of human monkeypox in Nigeria in 2017–18: a clinical and epidemiological report. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2019; 19(8):872–9. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30294-4..
DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30294-4
McCollum A.M., Damon I.K. Human monkeypox. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2014; 58(2):260–7. DOI: 10.1093/cid/cit703..
DOI: 10.1093/cid/cit703
Reynolds M.G., Emerson G.L., Pukuta E., Karhemere S., Muyembe J.J., Bikindou A., McCollum A.M., Moses C., Wilkins K., Zhao H., Damon I.K., Karem K.L., Li Y., Carroll D.S., Mombouli J.V. Detection of human monkeypox in the Republic of the Congo following intensive community education. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2013; 88(5):982–5. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0758..
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0758
An Update of Monkeypox Outbreak in Nigeria. (Cited 18 Jun 2020.) [Internet]. Available from: https://ncdc.gov.ng/themes/common/files/sitreps/94f37c2c44615b2b3a473704490bbc32.pdf.https://ncdc.gov.ng/themes/common/files/sitreps/94f37c2c44615b2b3a473704490bbc32.pdf
Sadeuh-Mba S.A., Yonga M.G., Els M., Batejat C., Eyangoh S., Caro V., Etoundi A., Carniel E., Njouom R. Monkeypox virus phylogenetic similarities between a human case detected in Cameroon in 2018 and the 2017–2018 outbreak in Nigeria. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2019; 69:8–11. DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.01.006..
DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.01.006
Brown K., Leggat P.A. Human monkeypox: current state of knowledge and implications for the future. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2016; 1(1):8. DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed1010008..
DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed1010008
Vaughan A., Aarons E., Astbury J., Balasegaram S., Beadsworth M., Beck C.R., Chand M., O’Connor C., Dunning J., Ghebrehewet S., Harper N., Howlett-Shipley R., Ihekweazu C., Jacobs M., Kaindama L., Katwa P., Khoo S., Lamb L., Mawdsley S., Morgan D., Palmer R., Phin N., Russell K., Said B., Simpson A., Vivancos R., Wade M., Walsh A., Wilburn J. Two cases of monkeypox imported to the United Kingdom, September 2018. Euro Surveill. 2018; 23(38):1800509. DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.38.1800509..
DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.38.1800509
Erez N., Achdout H., Milrot E., Paran N., Schwartz Y., Wiener-Well Y., Politi B., Tamir H., Israely T., Weiss S., Beth-Din A., Shifman O., Israeli O., Yitzhaki S., Shapira S.C., Melamed S., Schwartz E. Diagnosis of imported monkeypox, Israel, 2018. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2019; 25(5):980–3. DOI: 10.3201/eid2505.190076..
DOI: 10.3201/eid2505.190076
Ng O.T., Lee V., Marimuthu K., Vasoo S., Chan G., Lin R.T.P., Leo Y.S. A case of imported Monkeypox in Singapore. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2019; 19(11):1166. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30537-7..
DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30537-7
Eis-Hübinger A.M., Gerritzen A., Schneweis K.E., Pfeiff B., Pullmann H., Mayr A., Czerny C.P. Fatal cowpox-like virus infection transmitted by cat. Lancet. 1990; 336(8719):880, DOI: 10.1016/0140-6736(90)92387-w..
DOI: 10.1016/0140-6736(90)92387-w
Gazzani P., Gach J.E., Colmenero I., Martin J., Morton H., Brown K., Milford D.V. Fatal disseminated cowpox virus infection in an adolescent renal transplant recipient. Pediatr. Nephrol. 2017; 32(3):533–6. DOI: 10.1007/s00467-016-3534-y..
DOI: 10.1007/s00467-016-3534-y
Baxby D. Is cowpox misnamed? A review of 10 human cases. Br. Med. J. 1977; 1(6073):1379–81. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.6073.1379..
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.6073.1379
Baxby D., Shackleton W.B., Wheeler J., Turner A. Comparison of cowpox-like viruses isolated from European zoos. Brief report. Arch. Virol. 1979; 61(4):337–40. DOI: 10.1007/BF01315021..
DOI: 10.1007/BF01315021
Becker C., Kurth A., Hessler F., Kramp H., Gokel M., Hoffmann R., Kuczka A., Nitsche A. Cowpox virus infection in pet rat owners: not always immediately recognized. Dtsch. Arztebl. Int. 2009; 106(19):329–34. DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2009.0329..
DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2009.0329
Campe H., Zimmermann P., Glos K., Bayer M., Bergemann H., Dreweck C., Graf P., Weber B.K., Meyer H., Büttner M., Busch U., Sing A. Cowpox virus transmission from pet rats to humans, Germany. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2009; 15(5):777–80. DOI: 10.3201/eid1505.090159..
DOI: 10.3201/eid1505.090159
Ninove L., Domart Y., Vervel C., Voinot C., Salez N., Raoult D., Meyer H., Capek I., Zandotti C., Charrel R.N. Cowpox virus transmission from pet rats to humans, France. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2009; 15(5):781–4. DOI: 10.3201/eid1505.090235..
DOI: 10.3201/eid1505.090235
Ninove L., Domart Y., Vervel C., Voinot C., Salez N., Raoult D., Meyer H., Capek I., Zandotti C., Charrel R.N. Cowpox virus transmission from pet rats to humans, France. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2009; 15(5):781–4. DOI: 10.3201/eid1505.090235..
DOI: 10.3201/eid1505.090235
Kinnunen P.M., Holopainen J.M., Hemmilä H., Piiparinen H., Sironen T., Kivelä T., Virtanen J., Niemimaa J., Nikkari S., Järvinen A., Vapalahti O. Severe Ocular Cowpox in a Human, Finland. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2015; 21(12):2261–3. DOI: 10.3201/eid2112.150621..
DOI: 10.3201/eid2112.150621
Ducournau C., Ferrier-Rembert A., Ferraris O., Joffre A., Favier A.L., Flusin O., Van Cauteren D., Kecir K., Auburtin B., Védy S., Bessaud M., Peyrefitte C.N. Concomitant human infections with 2 cowpox virus strains in related cases, France, 2011. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2013; 19(12):1996–9. DOI: 10.3201/eid1912.130256..
DOI: 10.3201/eid1912.130256
Eder I., Vollmar P., Pfeffer M., Naether P., Rodloff A.C., Meyer H. Two distinct clinical courses of human cowpox, Germany, 2015. Viruses. 2017; 9(12):375. DOI: 10.3390/v9120375..
DOI: 10.3390/v9120375
Popova A.Yu., Maksyutov R.A., Taranov O.S., Tregubchak T.V., Zaikovskaya A.V., Sergeev A.A., Vlashchenko I.V., Bodnev S.A., Ternovoi V.A., Alexandrova N.S., Tarasov A.L., Konovalova N.V., Koroleva A.A., Bulychev L.E., Pyankov O.V., Demina Y.V., Agafonov A.P., Shchelkunov S.N., Miheev V.N. Cowpox in a human, Russia, 2015. Epidemiol. Infect. 2017; 145(4):755–9. DOI: 10.1017/S0950268816002922..
DOI: 10.1017/S0950268816002922
Żaba R., Jałowska M., Kowalczyk M.J., BowszycDmochowska M., Adamski Z., Szkaradkiewicz A. Cowpox virus infection in a child after contact with a domestic cat: a case report. New Microbiol. 2017; 40(2):148–50.
McCollum A.M., Austin C., Nawrocki J., Howland J., Pryde J., Vaid A., Holmes D., Weil M.R., Li Y., Wilkins K., Zhao H., Smith S.K., Karem K., Reynolds M.G., Damon I.K. Investigation of the first laboratory-acquired human cowpox virus infection in the United States. J. Infect. Dis. 2012, 206(1):63–8. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis302..
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis302
Andreani J., Arnault J.P., Bou Khalil J.Y., Abrahão J., Tomei E., Vial E., Le Bideau M., Raoult D., La Scola B. Atypical cowpox virus infection in smallpox-vaccinated patient, France. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2019; 25(2):212–9. DOI: 10.3201/eid2502.171433..
DOI: 10.3201/eid2502.171433
Lane J.M., Ruben F.L., Neff J.M., Millar J.D. Complications of smallpox vaccination, 1968: results of ten statewide surveys. J. Infect. Dis. 1970; 122(4):303–9. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/122.4.303..
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/122.4.303
Borisevich S.V., Marennikova S.S., Stovba L.F., Makhlaĭ A.A., Loginova S.Ia., Terent’ev A.I., Krotkov V.T., Perekrest V.V., Krasnianskiĭ V.P. [Vaccine-like viruses: Peculiarities of circulation in the South America]. Vopr. Virusol. 2014; 59(2):10–4. [In Russ.]
Abrahão J.S., Campos R.K., Trindade G. de S., Guimarães da Fonseca F., Ferreira P.C., Kroon E.G. Outbreak of severe zoonotic vaccinia virus infection, Southeastern Brazil. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2015; 21(4):695–8. DOI: 10.3201/eid2104.140351..
DOI: 10.3201/eid2104.140351
Bhanuprakash V., Venkatesan G., Balamurugan V., Hosamani M., Yogisharadhya R., Gandhale P., Reddy K.V., Damle A.S., Kher H.N., Chandel B.S., Chauhan H.C., Singh R.K. Zoonotic infections of buffalopox in India. Zoonoses Public Health. 2010; 57(7-8):e149-55. DOI: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01314.x..
DOI: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01314.x
Venkatesan G., Balamurugan V., Prabhu M., Yogisharadhya R., Bora D.P., Gandhale P.N., Sankar M.S., Kulkarni A.M., Singh R.K., Bhanuprakash V. Emerging and re-emerging zoonotic buffalopox infection: a severe outbreak in Kolhapur (Maharashtra), India. Vet. Ital. 2010; 46(4):439–48.
Whitehouse E.R., Rao A.K., Yu Y.C., Yu P.A., Griffin M., Gorman S., Angel K.A., McDonald E.C., Manlutac A.L., de Perio M.A., McCollum A.M., Davidson W., Wilkins K., Ortega E., Satheshkumar P.S., Townsend M.B., Isakari M., Petersen B.W. Novel treatment of a vaccinia virus infection from an occupational needlestick – San Diego, California, 2019. Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep. (MMWR). 2019; 68(42):943–6. DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6842a2..
DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6842a2
Riyesh T., Karuppusamy S., Bera B.C., Barua S., Virmani N., Yadav S., Vaid R.K., Anand T., Bansal M., Malik P., Pahuja I., Singh R.K. Laboratory-acquired buffalopox virus infection, India. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2014; 20(2):324–6. DOI: 10.3201/eid2002.130358..
DOI: 10.3201/eid2002.130358
Lu B., Cui L.B., Gu M.H., Shi C., Sun C.W., Zhao K.C., Bi J., Tan Z.M., Guo X.L., Huo X., Bao C.J. Outbreak of vaccinia virus infection from occupational exposure, China, 2017. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2019; 25(6):1192–5. DOI: 10.3201/eid2506.171306..
DOI: 10.3201/eid2506.171306
Hughes C.M., Blythe D., Li Y., Reddy R., Jordan C., Edwards C., Adams C., Conners H., Rasa C., Wilby S., Russell J., Russo K.S., Somsel P., Wiedbrauk D.L., Dougherty C., Allen C., Frace M., Emerson G., Olson V.A., Smith S.K., Braden Z., Abel J., Davidson W., Reynolds M., Damon I.K. Vaccinia virus infections in martial arts gym, Maryland, USA, 2008. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2011; 17(4):730–3. DOI: 10.3201/eid1704.101010..
DOI: 10.3201/eid1704.101010