Barnes P.J. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of asthma and COPD. Clin Sci (Lond). 2017;131(13):1541–1558. doi: 10.1042/CS20160487..
DOI: 10.1042/CS20160487
Чучалин А.Г., Авдеев С.Н., Айсанов З.Р., Белевский А.С., Васильева О.С., Геппе Н.А. и др. Бронхиальная астма. Федеральные клинические рекомендации. М.; 2019. 97 с. Режим доступа: https://www.spulmo.ru/upload/kr_bronhastma_2019.pdf.https://www.spulmo.ru/upload/kr_bronhastma_2019.pdf
Чучалин А.Г., Авдеев С.Н., Айсанов З.Р., Белевский А.С., Васильева О.С., Геппе Н.А. и др. Бронхиальная астма. Федеральные клинические рекомендации. М.; 2019. 97 с. Режим доступа: https://www.spulmo.ru/upload/kr_bronhastma_2019.pdf.https://www.spulmo.ru/upload/kr_bronhastma_2019.pdf
Price D., Fletcher M., van der Molen T. Asthma control and management in 8,000 European patients: the REcognise Asthma and LInk to Symptoms and Experience (REALISE) survey. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2014;24:14009. doi: 10.1038/npjpcrm.2014.9..
DOI: 10.1038/npjpcrm.2014.9
Carr T.F., Altisheh R., Zitt M. Small airways disease and severe asthma. World Allergy Organ J. 2017;10(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s40413-017-0153-4..
DOI: 10.1186/s40413-017-0153-4
Chapman K.R., Boulet L.P., Rea R.M., Franssen E. Suboptimal asthma control: prevalence, detection and consequences in general practice. Eur Respir J. 2008;31(2):320–325. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00039707..
DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00039707
Gauthier M., Ray A., Wenzel S.E. Evolving Concepts of Asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015;192(6):660–668. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201504-0763PP..
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201504-0763PP
Ненашева Н.М. Фенотипы бронхиальной астмы и выбор терапии. Практическая пульмонология. 2014;(2):2–11. Режим доступа: http://www.atmosphere-ph.ru/modules/Magazines/articles/pulmo/PP_2_2014_02.pdf.http://www.atmosphere-ph.ru/modules/Magazines/articles/pulmo/PP_2_2014_02.pdf
Ненашева Н.М. Фенотипы бронхиальной астмы и выбор терапии. Практическая пульмонология. 2014;(2):2–11. Режим доступа: http://www.atmosphere-ph.ru/modules/Magazines/articles/pulmo/PP_2_2014_02.pdf.http://www.atmosphere-ph.ru/modules/Magazines/articles/pulmo/PP_2_2014_02.pdf
Marth K., Spinola M., Kisiel J., Woergetter C., Petrovic M., Pohl W. Treatment response according to small airway phenotypes: a real-life observational study. Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2016;10(3):200–210. doi: 10.1177/1753465816642635..
DOI: 10.1177/1753465816642635
Lipworth B., Manoharan A., Anderson W. Unlocking the quiet zone: the small airway asthma phenotype. Lancet Respir Med. 2014;2(6):497–506. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(14)70103-1..
DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(14)70103-1
Barnes P.J., Nicolini G., Bizzi A., Spinola M., Singh D. Do inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting beta2-agonist fixed combinations provide superior clinical benefits compared with separate inhalers? A literature reappraisal. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2012;33(2):140–144. doi: 10.2500/aap.2012.33.3512..
DOI: 10.2500/aap.2012.33.3512
Vos W., De Backer J., Poli G., De Volder A., Ghys L., Van Holsbeke C. et al. Novel functional imaging of changes in small airways of patients treated with extrafine beclomethasone/formoterol. Respiration. 2013;86(5):393–401. doi: 10.1159/000347120..
DOI: 10.1159/000347120
Contoli M., Kraft M., Hamid Q., Bousquet J., Rabe K., Fabbri L. et al. Do small airway abnormalities characterize asthma phenotypes? In search of proof. Clin Exp Allergy. 2012;42(8):1150–1560. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.03963.x..
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.03963.x
Cottini M., Lombardi C., Micheletto C. Small airway dysfunction and bronchial asthma control: the state of the art. Asthma Res Prac. 2015;1:13. doi: 10.1186/s40733-015-0013-3..
DOI: 10.1186/s40733-015-0013-3
Kjellberg S., Houltz B.K., Zetterström O., Robinson 3., Gustafsson P.M. Clinical characteristics of adult asthma associated with small airway dysfunction. Respir Med. 2016;117:92–102. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2016.05.028..
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2016.05.028
Hogg J.C., Macklem P.T., Thurlbeck W.M., Path M.C. Site and Nature of Airway Obstruction in Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. N Engl J Med. 1968;278(25):1355–1360. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196806202782501..
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM196806202782501
Yanai M., Sekizawa K., Ohrui T., Sasaki H., Takishima T. Site of airway obstruction in pulmonary disease: direct measuremцent of intrabronchial pressure. J Appl Physiol. 1992;72(3):1016–1023. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1992.72.3.1016..
DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1992.72.3.1016
Wagner E.M., Liu M.C., Weinmann G.G., Permutt S., Bleecker E.R. Peripheral lung resistance in normal and asthmatic subjects. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990;141(3):584–588. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/141.3.584..
DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm/141.3.584
Pisi R., Tzani P., Aiello M., Martinelli E., Marangio E., Nicolini G. et al. Small airway dysfunction by impulse oscillometry in asthmatic patients with normal forced expiratory volume in the 1st second values. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2013;34(1):e14–20. doi: 10.2500/aap.2013.34.3641..
DOI: 10.2500/aap.2013.34.3641
Мещерякова Н.Н., Белевский А.С. Возможности применения экстрамелкодисперсной фиксированной комбинации беклометазона и формотерола в едином ингаляторе в качестве поддерживающей и симптоматической терапии. Практическая пульмонология. 2015;(1):88–92. Режим доступа: http://www.atmosphere-ph.ru/modules/Magazines/articles/pulmo/PP_1_2015_88.pdf.http://www.atmosphere-ph.ru/modules/Magazines/articles/pulmo/PP_1_2015_88.pdf
Мещерякова Н.Н., Белевский А.С. Возможности применения экстрамелкодисперсной фиксированной комбинации беклометазона и формотерола в едином ингаляторе в качестве поддерживающей и симптоматической терапии. Практическая пульмонология. 2015;(1):88–92. Режим доступа: http://www.atmosphere-ph.ru/modules/Magazines/articles/pulmo/PP_1_2015_88.pdf.http://www.atmosphere-ph.ru/modules/Magazines/articles/pulmo/PP_1_2015_88.pdf
Fabbri L.M., Nicolini G., Olivieri D., Papi A. Inhaled beclometasone dipropionate/formoterol extra-fine fixed combination in the treatment of asthma: evidence and future perspectives. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2008;9(3):479–490. doi: 10.1517/14656566.9.3.479..
DOI: 10.1517/14656566.9.3.479
Hsieh M.J., Lin Y.C., Lai R.S., Wu C.L., Lai C.L., Wang C.C. et al. Comparative efficacy and tolerability of beclomethasone/formoterol and fluticasone/ salmeterol fixed combination in Taiwanese asthmatic patients. J Formos Med Assoc. 2018;117(12):1078–1085. doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2017.12.005..
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2017.12.005
Papi A., Paggiaro P.L., Nicolini G., Vignola A.M., Fabbri L.M. Beclomethasone/ formoterol versus budesonide/formoterol combination therapy in asthma. Eur Respir J. 2007;29(4):682–689. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00095906..
DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00095906
Ненашева Н.М. Безопасность ингаляционных глюкокортикостероидов в терапии бронхиальной астмы. Пульмонология. 2014;(3):113–120. doi: 10.18093/0869-0189-2014-0-3-113-120..
DOI: 10.18093/0869-0189-2014-0-3-113-120
Huchon G., Magnussen H., Chuchalin A., Dymek L., Gonod F.B., Bousquet J. Lung function and asthma control with beclomethasone and formoterol in a single inhaler. Respir Med. 2009;103(1):41–49. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2008.09.002..
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2008.09.002
Papi A., Corradi M., Pigeon-Francisco C., Baronio R., Siergiejko Z., Petruzzelli S. et al. Beclometasone-formoterol as maintenance and reliever treatment in patients with asthma: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2013;1(1):23–31. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(13)70012-2..
DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(13)70012-2
Allegra L., Cremonesi G., Girbino G., Ingrassia E., Marsico S., Nicolini G., Terzano C. Real-life prospective study on asthma control in Italy: cross-sectional phase results. Respir Med. 2012;106(2):205–214. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2011.10.001..
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2011.10.001
Muller V., Galffy G., Eszes N., Losonczy G., Bizzi A., Nicolini G. et al. Asthma control in patients receiving inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting beta2-agonist fixed combinations. A real-life study comparing dry powder inhalers and a pressurized metered dose inhaler extrafine formulation. BMC Pulm Med. 2011;11:40. doi: 10.1186/1471-2466-11-40..
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2466-11-40
Terzano C., Cremonesi G., Girbino G., Ingrassia E., Marsico S., Nicolini G., Allegra L. 1-year prospective real life monitoring of asthma control and quality of life in Italy. Respir Res. 2012;13(1):112. doi: 10.1186/1465-9921-13-112..
DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-13-112
Jaakkola J.J.K., Hernberg S., Lajunen T.K., Sripaijboonkij P., Malmberg L.P., Jaakkola M.S. Smoking and lung function among adults with newly onset asthma. BMJ Open Respir Res. 2019;6(1):e000377.10.1136/bmjresp-2018-000377.
Ненашева Н.М. Бронхиальная астма и курение. Эффективная фармакотерапия. Пульмонология и оториноларингология. 2013;(1):16–26. Режим доступа: https://umedp.ru/articles/bronkhialnaya_astma_i_kurenie.html.https://umedp.ru/articles/bronkhialnaya_astma_i_kurenie.html
Ненашева Н.М. Бронхиальная астма и курение. Эффективная фармакотерапия. Пульмонология и оториноларингология. 2013;(1):16–26. Режим доступа: https://umedp.ru/articles/bronkhialnaya_astma_i_kurenie.html.https://umedp.ru/articles/bronkhialnaya_astma_i_kurenie.html
Thomson N.C., Chaudhuri R. Asthma in smokers: challenges and opportunities. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2009;15(1):39–45. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e32831da894..
DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e32831da894
Contoli M., Bellini F., Morandi L., Forini G., Bianchi S., Gnesini G. et al. Assessing small airway impairment in mild-to-moderate smoking asthmatic patients. Eur Respir J. 2016;47(4):1264–1267. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01708-2015..
DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01708-2015
Han M.K., Dransfield M.T., Martinez F.J. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Definition, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and staging. 2020. Available at: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-definition-clinical-manifestations-diagnosis-and-staging.https://www.uptodate.com/contents/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-definition-clinical-manifestations-diagnosis-and-staging
Han M.K., Dransfield M.T., Martinez F.J. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Definition, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and staging. 2020. Available at: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-definition-clinical-manifestations-diagnosis-and-staging.https://www.uptodate.com/contents/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-definition-clinical-manifestations-diagnosis-and-staging
Tanabe N., Vasilescu D.M., Kirby M., Coxson H.O., Verleden S.E., Vanaudenaerde B.M. et al. Analysis of airway pathology in COPD using a combination of computed tomography, micro-computed tomography and histology. Eur Respir J. 2018;51(2):1701245. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01245-2017..
DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01245-2017
Koo H.K., Vasilescu D.M., Booth S., Hsieh A., Katsamenis O.L., Fishbane N. et al. Small airways disease in mild and moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional study. Lancet Respir Med. 2018;6(8):591–602. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(18)30196-6..
DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(18)30196-6
McDonough J.E., Yuan R., Suzuki M., Seyednejad N., Elliott W.M., Sanchez P.G. et al. Small-airway obstruction and emphysema in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(17):1567–1575. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1106955..
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1106955
Han M.K., Quibrera P.M., Carretta E.E., Barr R.G., Bleecker E.R., Bowler R.P. et al. Frequency of exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an analysis of the SPIROMICS cohort. Lancet Respir Med. 2017;5(8):619–626. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(17)30207-2..
DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(17)30207-2
Higham A., Quinn A.M., Cançado J.E.D., Singh D. The pathology of small airways disease in COPD: historical aspects and future directions. Respir Res. 2019;20(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s12931-019-1017-y..
DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1017-y
Contoli M., Baraldo S., Conti V., Gnesini G., Marku B., Casolari P. et al. Airway inflammatory profile is correlated with symptoms in stable COPD: A longitudinal proof-of-concept cohort study. Respirology. 2020;25(1):80–88. doi: 10.1111/resp.13607..
DOI: 10.1111/resp.13607
Garudadri S., Woodruff P.G., Han M.K., Curtis J.L., Barr R.G., Bleecker E.R. et al. Systemic Markers of Inflammation in Smokers With Symptoms Despite Preserved Spirometry in SPIROMICS. Chest. 2019;155(5):908–917. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.12.022..
DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.12.022
Barnes N.C., Sharma R., Lettis S., Calverley P.M. Blood eosinophils as a marker of response to inhaled corticosteroids in COPD. Eur Respir J. 2016;47(5):1374–1382. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01370-2015..
DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01370-2015
Hospers J.J., Schouten J.P., Weiss S.T., Rijcken B., Postma D.S. Asthma attacks with eosinophilia predict mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a general population sample. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;160(6):1869–1874. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.160.6.9811041..
DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.160.6.9811041
Siddiqui S.H., Guasconi A., Vestbo J., Jones P., Agusti A., Paggiaro P., Wedzicha J.A. et al. Blood Eosinophils: A Biomarker of Response to Extrafine Beclomethasone/Formoterol in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015;192(4):523–525. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201502-0235LE..
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201502-0235LE
Singh D., Nicolini G., Bindi E., Corradi M., Guastalla D., Kampschulte J. et al. Extrafine beclomethasone/formoterol compared to fluticasone/salmeterol combination therapy in COPD. BMC Pulm Med. 2014;14:43. doi: 10.1186/1471-2466-14-43..
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2466-14-43
Овчаренко С.И. Ингаляционные глюкокортикостероиды в терапии больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких: быть или не быть?! Практическая пульмонология. 2016;(1):16–22. Режим доступа: http://www.atmosphere-ph.ru/modules/Magazines/articles/pulmo/PP_1_2016_16.pdf.http://www.atmosphere-ph.ru/modules/Magazines/articles/pulmo/PP_1_2016_16.pdf
Овчаренко С.И. Ингаляционные глюкокортикостероиды в терапии больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких: быть или не быть?! Практическая пульмонология. 2016;(1):16–22. Режим доступа: http://www.atmosphere-ph.ru/modules/Magazines/articles/pulmo/PP_1_2016_16.pdf.http://www.atmosphere-ph.ru/modules/Magazines/articles/pulmo/PP_1_2016_16.pdf
Kew K.M., Seniukovich A. Inhaled steroids and risk of pneumonia for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(3):CD010115. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010115.pub2..
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010115.pub2
Papi A., Vestbo J., Fabbri L., Corradi M., Prunier H., Cohuet G. et al. Extrafine inhaled triple therapy versus dual bronchodilator therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (TRIBUTE): a double-blind, parallel group, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2018;391(10125):1076–1084. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30206-X..
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30206-X
Izquierdo J.L., Cosio B.G. The dose of inhaled corticosteroids in patients with COPD: when less is better. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2018;13:3539–3547. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S175047..
DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S175047
Sonnappa S., Martin R., Israel E., Postma D., van Aalderen W., Burden A. et al. Risk of pneumonia in obstructive lung disease: A real-life study comparing extra-fine and fine-particle inhaled corticosteroids. PLoS One. 2017;12(6):e0178112. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178112..
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178112
Lipworth B., Kuo C.R., Jabbal S. Current appraisal of single inhaler triple therapy in COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2018;13:3003–3009. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S177333..
DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S177333